
|
|
Background of the Battle part 1
New Orleans before the invasion
British and American Commanders
Weapons of the Battle of New Orleans
|
Background of the Battle part 2
|
Background of the Battle part 3
Battle of the Gunboats Dec 14, 1814
|
|
The Battle of New Orleans: Andrew Jackson and America's First Military Victory
Listen to a free audio book about the Battle of New Orleans
Patriotic Fire: Andrew Jackson and Jean Laffite at the Battle of New Orleans
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
|
|
First Battles
The Fight in the Dark Dec 23, 1814
The Carolina bombards British positons
|
The New Years and Jan 8th Battles
|
re-enactment photos and videos
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
|
|
map of the area around New Orleans and the route of the British fleet
The Battle of New Orleans was the last major battle of the War of 1812 . Late in November 1814, a large British expeditionary force of 18,000 in 50 vessels sailed from Jamaica under Sir Edward Pakenham, a hero of the Peninsular war. A complete civil governmental staff, with printing presses, were with them as well, to rule over 'the Crown Colony of Louisiana.' The British troops were composed of veterans from the war with Napoleon and the invasion of Washington and considered the best in theworld. The American commander, Andrew Jackson had used up almost all of his ammunition and most of his flints in the Creek War (1813-14), which was effectively ended at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend on March 27, 1814 in central Alabama. The Baratarians under Jean Lafitte supplied the powder,flints,cannon balls and ship cannister.
The British, expected to sweep aside the meager American force, seize the 'Beauty and Booty' of the rich trading port of New Orleans and with the Mississippi in their hands, separate the western states from the rest of the Union . The British expected the French and Spanish settlers and the large slave population of the sugar cane and cotton plantations, which the planned to free, would aid them in their conquest. If the British were able to take New Orleans they would be in a much stronger bargaining position at the ongoing peace talks, which had started at Ghent, Belgium on August 8, 1814.
The battlefield today in 2008. 32 pounder from the Carolina
The British were making objections at the negotiations to drag the process out out, counting on a victory at New Orleans .A British victory might even tip the New England states into succeeding, perhaps even ending the American 'experiment and bring the colonies back into the English fold.Louisiana wassold by Napoleon to the United States in 1803 for $15 million.
In 1812, it became the 18th state admitted to the Union. Barely a month after admission, President James Madison declared war against the British. The embargo and subsequent British blockade made smugglers such as Jean Lafitte rich, but there was little action till the British planned to invade in 1814. The war had been a disaster for the Americans up to this point. The embargo and blockade wrecked the economy, the invasions of Canada had failed and Washington itself had been invaded and the White House burned .New England states were threatening succession .
New Orleans before the invasion
Flag raising ceremony in the Place d'Armes on Dec 20, 1803, after 1803 Napoleon sold Louisiana to the U.S. in the Louisiana Purchase
In New Orleans there was general knowledge of the coming attack, but no positive evidence till Jean Laffite sent his a warning to Governor Claiborne, which he had sent after the British attemped to bribe him into aiding the British cause with 30,000 British pounds and a commission in the British navy on Sept 3, 1814 by Captain Nicholas Lockyer and a Captain McWilliams. In response to the British offer he requested 15 days to sound out his men on the matter, but really to buy time to warn the Americans.
Why did Laffite chose to aid the Americans ? Possibly a combination a reasons, hatred for the English and their war with Napoleon and a belief that it was better to be a privateer under American rule with its weaker rule, than British, with the strongest navy in the world. According to others he was inspired by American democracy and owed a debt to Americans, who rescued him as a child. The knowledge Laffite had of the bayous leading into New Orleans from Barataria bay and his being the leader or bos of the Baratarian privateers and smugglers on Grand Terre island and made him an import player to the British and Americans. The Laffite's also had well trained gun crews and large stores of flints, gunpowder and other supplies .
British and American Commanders British
American Commanders
video montage of New Orleans from 1800 to the present
video of Johnny Horton (1925-60) singing " The Battle of New Orleans' on the Ed Sullivan Show. The song was originally written by Jimmy Driftwood (1907-1998) a school principal in Arkansas to get students interested in history. The song was a hit in 1959. Horton omitted the use of 'hell' and 'damn' from the original. A version with better audio quality.
video of Jimmy Driftwood version of the song with lyrics
a documentary of the War of 1812
road lined with old oaks close to the battlefield
|
|
||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
contact us for more information or if you are a student and need a list of sources